Ciudad Juárez, Mexico, is a dangerous city plagued by drug trafficking, violence, and corruption. The Cotton Field Case, a 2009 incident, serves as a symbol of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights’ response to Mexico’s gender-based violence issue. This report examines the severity of the issue, the Mexican state’s response, and the international obligations states have to address gender-based violence. It also explores the criminalization of femicide and the criminalization of gender-based violence.