This report highlights the challenges faced by minorities and marginalized groups in Colombia and Brazil. Brazil is the largest South American country and the fifth most populated in the world, yet the country faces social problems like violence, poverty, and inequality due to its diverse population and institutional racism. Structural discrimination persists among Afro-Brazilians, and the presence of indigenous people is not homogeneous throughout the region. The Guaraní, Tikunas, and Yanomami are the most numerous indigenous groups, with the Guaraní losing most of their territory due to livestock and crops.