The global trend of female incarceration is increasing, with 740,000 women currently in prison, a 17% increase from 2010. This rise is attributed to policies criminalizing drug possession and punishing women for crimes like violence, poverty, or discrimination. Brazil, the fourth country with the most women in prison, has experienced a 55% increase in imprisonment between 2000 and 2016, highlighting the structural reasons behind this issue and its implications for human rights.